Understanding Gambling Addiction

Gambling is risky behavior that involves placing a bet on the outcome of an event. The bet may yield a prize, such as money, goods or services, or nothing at all (i.e., a loss). Gambling may also refer to a game of chance wherein a player wagers something of value on the outcome of an event or series of events. The risky nature of gambling can have significant financial, physical, and psychological consequences for the gambler and his or her family, friends, coworkers, and community. In some cases, people who engage in pathological gambling are characterized as having disordered gambling behavior. This term is used to describe a range of gambling behavior, from behaviors that place individuals at risk for more serious problems (subclinical) to those behaviors that meet Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) diagnosable criteria for pathological gambling (PG).

Many people who experience gambling problems report a history of depression, stress, or substance abuse. These problems can make it harder to control gambling behavior. Counseling can help people think about their gambling habits, consider alternatives, and solve problems. In addition, counseling can treat underlying mood disorders that may contribute to gambling addiction. In some cases, it may be appropriate to seek outpatient treatment or rehab programs for individuals who are unable to control their gambling.

Longitudinal research is essential for understanding the onset, development, and maintenance of gambling behavior. This type of research follows a group of respondents over time, allowing researchers to observe their gambling behavior and compare it to the behavior of other members of the same cohort. Longitudinal data allow researchers to examine a variety of factors that affect the occurrence of both normal and problem gambling behavior, such as age, period effects (e.g., a person’s newfound interest in gambling after the opening of a casino near home), and aging effects.

While it is important to recognize that gambling can have serious harms, it is equally important to realize that overcoming the addiction is possible. A number of approaches to recovery are available, including self-help books, family therapy, and peer support groups such as Gamblers Anonymous. In addition, there are a variety of medications that can be used to treat underlying conditions that may contribute to the gambling addiction, such as mood disorders. Lastly, it is helpful to develop a strong support network and find other activities that will take the place of gambling. For example, one might choose to participate in an exercise program, attend a support group, or volunteer for a worthy cause. Then, when the urge to gamble arises, the individual can remember that the alternative activity offers more benefits than the gambling. And if they are unsuccessful, they can try again the next day. Hopefully, they will learn from their mistakes and eventually be successful in breaking the gambling addiction cycle. Good luck!